Panopticism review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Panopticism review - Essay Example The tower was to be made in such a manner that only the people operating it had the vantage view of the prisoners. The prisoners could not have any clear view of their jailers. The organization of the panopticon increased the potency of power in the minds of the prisoners and made the control of the prison more efficient. In essence, the ideals of total control of the prison facility as imagined by Foucault borrowed from the quarantines against the plague as practiced in the seventeenth century (Veyne 54). The process of quarantine involved the determination of a range of processes that maintained some strict discipline in affected villages including locking people within their houses and keeping away the keys. The nature of discipline was regulated in ways that ensured easy control of the villages by the authorities. Threats of death were used to ensure compliance. Critics contend that the panopticon was modeled on the desire by the seventeenth century societies to protect civilizations from the scourge of the plague. Others contend that the objective was aimed at achieving a perfect society. Some of the issues that continue to attend to the matters of society are largely determined by the desire by central authorities to design the codes of ethics for their subjects. Such objectives often come into conflict with the theories that reinforce the need for human freedom and liberty. Critics of panopticism argue that governments do not have the moral authority to suppress the liberties and freedoms of the governed. They add that the idea of a perfect society is illusory and defeatist in nature. As such, they seek to demonstrate ways in which the processes of governance can be moderated in ways that support the free reign of the will of the governed. Within a modern context, Foucault’s panopticism could be conceptualized in terms of the structural

Bussiness Research Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Bussiness Research Proposal - Essay Example Since different regions and countries have different cultures, it may well be assumed that some of the management styles that are effectively applied in these developed countries may not be effective in less developed countries or in other regions of the world. While several studies have been conducted to reveal the impact of transformational leadership in developed countries and a few less developed ones, quite a lot remains undone especially in the Middle East which generally has a culture that is different from those of the United States, and most western countries. It is this gap that this study seeks to fill by considering the application of transformational leadership in small businesses in Pakistan. This research will hence focus on transformational leadership and its effects on the performance of a sample of small organizations based in Pakistan. Since the Middle East is such a large region, and the number of organizations within it is quite numerous, this study will be limited to only small organizations within Pakistan. For the purpose of this research, the terms leadership and management will be considered as synonyms in spite of the differences that may exist between the two terms on strict consideration. The two terms will, in this respect, be used interchangeably without change in meaning. There are many leadership styles that can be applied by managers and supervisors to achieve organizational goals. Some leadership styles include autocratic, participative and laissez faire. Other leadership styles include transformational, situational and transactional leadership. With respect to personality, one leadership style that is commonly applied in different regions is transformational leadership. Each of these management styles has its advantages and disadvantages and impact organizational performance differently. The following sections are dedicated to describing and discussing leadership, leadership styles and the impact of